The picks-and-shovels stack meets an energy ceiling.
In a gold rush, sell shovels. AI's shovels are the silicon, the power, the cooling, the land and the water behind every model. But the grid is the rate-limiter now — not the chip.
The brief maps the full stack from fab to substation: who supplies each layer, who owns the bottleneck, and which link earns the margin when demand triples. Energy is no longer a cost line. It is the constraint that re-rates every name in the chain.